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| RUBBER PRODUCTS |
| The rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis,
is a native of the Amazonian forest. Grown now in parts of Africa
and Asia, it is one of the world's most closely studied and carefully
tended plants.
Rubber is elastic, flexible, airtight, watertight,
long lasting and insulating, to mention just a few of its properties.
There are thousands of products, which take advantage of these useful
properties.
The KLK Group produces rubber latex concentrate
and block rubber.
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| EXCELTEX® NATURAL RUBBER LATEX CONCENTRATE |
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EXCELTEX natural
rubber latex concentrate is available in six types. EXCELTEX®
is the registered trademark for KLK's rubber latex concentrate.
General Purpose EXCELTEX
Types
This group consists of one 'high' and one 'low' ammonia type. Both
conform to the respective standard grades listed in the International
Standards Organisation (ISO) and Standards & Industrial Research
Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) Specifications for centrifuged, ammonia-preserved,
natural latex concentrates.
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EXCELTEX-HA
(FULLAM)
This is a general purpose, 'high' ammonia type of latex concentrate.
By far the most widely used natural rubber latex concentrate,
this type will fit into almost any formulation not requiring
a special type. This type can be readily blended with standard
synthetic lattices in any proportions. |
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EXCELTEX-TZ
This is a general purpose latex applicable in dipping, foaming
and other latex purposes. Its main advantages are :- |
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Low ammonia system, which
obviates the need to de-ammoniate the latex concentrate
before use. |
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Low toxic grade, as a result
of which health hazard and environmental/pollution problems
can be avoided. |
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TMTD and ZnO, which act
as secondary preservatives in the latex concentrate, are
popular compounding ingredients (i.e. accelerator and
activator respectively) in latex processing. Hence, they
do not present any unpredictable problems. Minor production
cost saving may be possible. |
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Special Purpose EXCELTEX Types
This group consists of various special grades
of latex concentrate developed to suit particular customer requirements.
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EXCELTEX-D
This grade is specially developed at the request of the latex
dipped goods trade. It has a very high degree of stability to
zinc oxide and films of excellent quality can be produced from
them. Although this type demands extra premia, the higher cost
is more than amply repaid by the fine quality of the products,
the easy processing and the great reduction in reject percentage.
It can be used with confidence in any dipping formulation. Products
based on this grade have good resistance to moisture absorption. |
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EXCELTEX-DC
(DOUBLE CENTRIFUGED)
This type of latex concentrate has a higher degree of purity
than EXCELTEX-D having been taken a stage further during the
double centrifugation process. The chemical stability of this
grade is excellent and is especially intended for the processes
calling for the highest purity, e.g. in the production of catheters
and other surgical appliances and for products demanding good
dielectric properties e.g. electronic wire insulation. Products
based on this grade have particularly high resistance to moisture
absorption. |
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EXCELTEX-HLX
HA/LATZ
This is a specially treated centrifuged natural rubber latex
that possesses behaviours similar to EXCELTEX HA/LATZ, with
the added advantages of having :
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filterability rate approximately
3 to 5 times better than single centrifuged latex, and |
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micro-coagulum content (as
measured by 325 mesh coagulum level determination) half
that of normal. |
Such prominent features of EXCELTEX HLX may be readily exploited
in fine latex products like extruded latex thread, condoms and
adhesive tape manufacture. Indeed, the use of EXCELTEX HLX by
some world-renowned manufacturers in Europe and Japan lends
testimony to the advantages claimed.
As filtration of latex compounds through fine sieves or
muslin cloth is prevalent in most latex product manufacturing
practices, the ease of filtration and the distinctly reduced
frequency of filter-change are apparent.
Both the parameters, 325 mesh coagulum content and filterability,
for the 2 grades of EXCELTEX HLX, show up as superior to single
centrifuged latex in raw as well as vulcanised states.
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EXCELTEX-PA
With the current increasing demand from our consumers, KLK has
ventured a step further into producing centrifuged natural rubber
latex of the above. This type is specially produced using a
single preservative system, i.e. ammonia gas. With the elimination
of other preservative chemicals like TMTD and ZnO, this type
would serve as good raw material for production of products
being sold in regions like Europe and Scandinavia, as some of
the consumers there are known to be allergic to the preservative
chemicals mentioned above. |
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ISO 2004 : Natural Rubber Latex Concentrate -
Centrifuged or Creamed, Ammonia-Preserved Types - Specification
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Limits
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Characteristic
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Unit
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Type HA
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Type LA
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Method of Test
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| Total Solids Content (min) |
% (m/m)
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61.5
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61.5
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ISO 124
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| Dry Rubber Content (min) |
% (m/m)
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60.0
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60.0
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ISO 126
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| Non-Rubber Solids (max) |
% (m/m)
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2.0
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2.0
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-
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| Alkalinity (as NH3), calculated with
respect to the latex concentrate |
% (m/m)
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0.60 min.
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0.29 max.
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ISO 125
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| Mechanical Stability (min) |
Seconds
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650
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650
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ISO 35
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| Coagulum Content (max) |
% (m/m)
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0.05
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0.05
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ISO 706
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| Copper Content (max) |
Mg/kg of total solids
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8
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8
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ISO 8053
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| Manganese Content (max) |
Mg/kg of total solids
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9
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8
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ISO 7780
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| Sludge Content (max) |
% (m/m)
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0.10
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0.10
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ISO 2005
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| Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA Number)
(max) |
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0.20
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0.20
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ISO 506
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| KOH Number (max) |
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1.0
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1.0
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ISO 127
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EXCELTEX Common Test Results Produced by KLK
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EXCELTEX
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Characteristic
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Unit
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HA
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LATZ
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D
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DC
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HLX
HA
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HLX
LATZ
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HLX
PA
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Total Solids Content
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% (m/m)
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61.55
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61.55
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60.80
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60.65
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61.55
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61.55
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61.55
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Dry Rubber Content
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% (m/m)
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60.10
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60.10
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60.10
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60.10
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60.10
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60.10
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60.10
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Non Rubber Content
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% (m/m)
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1.45
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1.45
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0.70
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0.55
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1.45
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1.45
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1.45
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Ammonia Content (on total weight)
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% (m/m)
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0.71
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0.21
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0.71
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0.71
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0.71
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0.21
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0.76
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pH Value
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10.70
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9.99
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10.88
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10.88
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10.70
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9.99
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10.70
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KOH Number
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0.55
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0.55
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0.37
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0.32
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0.55
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0.55
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0.55
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VFA Number
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0.015
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0.015
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0.013
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0.013
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0.015
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0.015
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0.015
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Mechanical Stability @ 55%TSC
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Seconds
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1000
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1000
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1000
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1000
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1000
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1000
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1000
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| Coagulum Content |
% (m/m)
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0.0060
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0.0060
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0.0040
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0.0040
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0.0020
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0.0020
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0.0020
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| Sludge Content |
% (m/m)
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0.0050
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0.0050
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0.0050
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0.0050
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0.0050
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0.0050
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0.0050
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| Copper Content |
Mg/kg of total solids
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3
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3
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3
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3
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3
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3
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3
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| Manganese Content |
Mg/kg of total solids
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0.04
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0.04
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0.04
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0.04
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0.04
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0.04
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0.04
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